计划执行与检查节点
executing-plans
按既定实施计划完成工作,保持过程检查和反馈。
select-print-material【效率与协作】Choose 3D printing materials based on mechanical, thermal, and chemical requirements. Covers PLA, PETG, ABS, ASA, TPU, Nylon, and resin variants with property comparisons. Use when selecting material for parts with specific mechanical or thermal requirements, choosing for outdoor or chemical exposure, evaluating food-safe or biocompatible application…
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按機、熱、化需擇 3D 印料。覆 PLA、PETG、ABS、ASA、TPU、尼龍、樹脂諸變含屬比。
定主導料選之需:
機性:高負強、衝吸、靈、疲 境耐:高/低溫、UV/外候、化耐、濕 特應:食觸、生容、電屬、光屬 可印/費:原型易印、少翹/支需、巨件低費、廣可
得:主需識(如「外 UV 耐」或「高衝強」)。
敗:諸需同關→用決陣評料於諸需(見步六)。
用需濾候:
濾一:程型
濾二:溫範
< 45°C: PLA, PLA+, Standard Resin, Tough Resin
< 60°C: PETG, Flexible Resin
< 80°C: ABS, ASA, CPE
< 100°C: Nylon, Polycarbonate, High-Temp Resin
> 100°C: PEEK, PEI (Ultem) - specialty printers only
濾三:機需
High tensile strength: Nylon > ABS/ASA > PETG > PLA > TPU
High impact resistance: Nylon > PETG > ABS > ASA > PLA
Flexibility: TPU > Flexible Resin > PLA (brittle)
Fatigue resistance: Nylon > PETG > ABS > PLA
濾四:境
UV resistance: ASA > PETG > ABS > PLA (poor)
Chemical resistance: Nylon > PETG > ABS/ASA > PLA
Outdoor durability: ASA > Nylon > PETG > PLA (degrades)
Moisture resistance: ABS/ASA > PETG > PLA > Nylon (hygroscopic)
得:濾後 2-5 候料留。
敗:無料過諸濾→鬆最低關需或考後處(如 PLA 加 UV 塗)。
詳較表:
| Material | Print Temp | Bed Temp | Tensile Strength | Elongation | Tg/HDT | UV Resist | Ease | Hygroscopic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLA | 190-220°C | 50-60°C | 50-70 MPa | 5-7% | 55-60°C | Poor | Easy | Low |
| PLA+ | 200-230°C | 50-60°C | 60-75 MPa | 10-15% | 60-65°C | Poor | Easy | Low |
| PETG | 220-250°C | 70-85°C | 50-60 MPa | 15-20% | 75-80°C | Good | Medium | Medium |
| ABS | 230-260°C | 95-110°C | 40-50 MPa | 20-40% | 95-105°C | Fair | Hard | Low |
| ASA | 240-260°C | 95-110°C | 45-55 MPa | 15-30% | 95-105°C | Excellent | Hard | Low |
| TPU | 210-230°C | 40-60°C | 30-50 MPa | 400-600% | 60-80°C | Good | Medium | Low |
| Nylon | 240-270°C | 70-90°C | 70-80 MPa | 50-150% | 75-90°C | Excellent | Hard | Very High |
| Resin Type | Cure Time | Tensile Strength | Elongation | HDT | Hardness | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | 2-4s | 45-55 MPa | 6-8% | 60-70°C | 82-85 Shore D | Miniatures |
| Tough | 4-6s | 55-65 MPa | 15-25% | 70-80°C | 80-85 Shore D | Functional |
| Flexible | 6-8s | 5-10 MPa | 80-120% | 50-60°C | 60-70 Shore A | Gaskets |
| High-Temp | 8-12s | 60-70 MPa | 6-10% | 120-150°C | 85-88 Shore D | Heat parts |
| Castable | 3-5s | 35-45 MPa | 8-12% | 60°C | 80 Shore D | Jewelry |
得:屬較、按需識 1-3 上候。
敗:屬不明→用 WebFetch 諮製商技單。
評諸候印難 vs 性:
易(PLA、PLA+):
中(PETG、TPU):
難(ABS、ASA、尼龍):
費考:
Material cost per kg (typical):
PLA: $15-25
PETG: $20-30
ABS: $18-28
ASA: $25-35
TPU: $30-45
Nylon: $35-55
Standard Resin: $30-50/L
Specialty Resin: $60-150/L
得:可印評相對印機能與用驗。決衡性需 vs 實限。
敗:料於當設過難→擇易代並設改補(厚壁、圓角等)。
驗料合特用:
食安:
生容(醫/牙):
電屬:
透:
UV 耐:
得:特需驗於料能。
敗:料不達特需→施後處(如 PLA 加 UV 抗塗)或擇異料。
評諸候於權準:
例:外功件:
| Criterion | Weight | PLA | PETG | ABS | ASA | Nylon |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV Resistance | 30% | 1 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 9 |
| Strength | 25% | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 9 |
| Printability | 20% | 10 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Temperature | 15% | 2 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 9 |
| Cost | 10% | 10 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 |
| Weighted Total | 5.35 | 6.80 | 5.90 | 7.25 | 7.45 |
評:1(劣)至 10(佳)
決:尼龍最高(7.45)而 ASA(7.25)近平含佳印性。選 ASA 若印機含罩,或 PETG(6.80)若印性要。
得:終料選附按權先文錄理。
敗:決不明→FDM 默 PETG、SLA 默 Tough Resin(最佳全衡)。
錄料特印設為將用:
FDM 設板:
material: PETG
brand: "PolyMaker PolyLite"
color: "Blue"
nozzle_temp: 245°C
bed_temp: 80°C
chamber_temp: ambient
print_speed: 50mm/s
retraction_distance: 4.5mm
retraction_speed: 40mm/s
cooling: 50% (after layer 3)
notes: "Strings moderately, Z-hop helps. Dried 6h at 65°C."
SLA 設板:
resin: "Anycubic Tough Resin"
color: "Clear"
layer_height: 0.05mm
exposure_time: 6s
bottom_exposure: 40s
lift_distance: 6mm
lift_speed: 65mm/min
notes: "Post-cure 15min at 60°C for full strength. Brittle without cure."
得:設文於項註或切片器庫。
敗:始於製商建設、迭並錄成功改。