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prepare-print-model【开发与工程】Export and optimize 3D models for FDM/SLA printing including STL/3MF export, mesh integrity verification, wall thickness checking, support generation, and slicing. Use when exporting from CAD or modeling software for 3D printing, verifying STL/3MF files are printable before slicing, troubleshooting models that fail to slice correctly, optimizing part…
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出優 3D 模為加製。涵自 CAD/塑軟出至網修、印性析、支生、切配之全程。確模流形、壁足、向正為強印質。
fdm、sla、sls)pla、petg、abs、standard-resin)cura、prusaslicer、orcaslicer、chitubox)出 3D 模於合印之式:
FDM/SLA: If starting from CAD (Fusion 360, SolidWorks) Export as: STL (binary) or 3MF Resolution: High (triangle count sufficient for detail) Units: mm (verify scale)
Example export settings: STL: Binary format, refinement 0.1mm 3MF: Include color/material data if using multi-material printer
得:模出含合解(機件 0.1mm 弦差、有機 0.05mm)。
敗:察模全定(無建幾何)、無缺面、諸組件可見。
察網流形可印:
# Install mesh repair tools if needed
# sudo apt install meshlab admesh
# Check STL file for errors
admesh --check model.stl
# Look for:
# - Non-manifold edges: 0 (every edge connects exactly 2 faces)
# - Holes: 0
# - Backwards/inverted normals: 0
# - Degenerate facets: 0
常事:
得:報示 0 誤、或誤可修。
敗:自動或手修網:
# Automatic repair with admesh
admesh --write-binary-stl=model_fixed.stl \
--exact \
--nearby \
--remove-unconnected \
--fill-holes \
--normal-directions \
model.stl
# Or use meshlab GUI for manual inspection/repair
meshlab model.stl
# Filters → Cleaning and Repairing → Remove Duplicate Vertices
# Filters → Cleaning and Repairing → Remove Duplicate Faces
# Filters → Normals → Re-Orient all faces coherently
自修敗→返源軟修塑誤(合頂、開邊、疊體)。
驗擇程之最小壁厚:
程之最小壁厚:
| Process | Min Wall | Recommended Min | Structural Parts |
|---|---|---|---|
| FDM (0.4mm nozzle) | 0.8mm | 1.2mm | 2.4mm+ |
| FDM (0.6mm nozzle) | 1.2mm | 1.8mm | 3.6mm+ |
| SLA (standard) | 0.4mm | 0.8mm | 2.0mm+ |
| SLA (engineering) | 0.6mm | 1.2mm | 2.5mm+ |
| SLS (nylon) | 0.7mm | 1.0mm | 2.0mm+ |
Check wall thickness visually in slicer:
For precise measurement, use CAD software:
得:諸壁達擇程之最小。薄壁標察。
敗:返 CAD 厚壁、或:
擇向以優強、面、支用:
向決陣:
為強:
為面:
為少支:
載向析:
If part experiences:
- Tensile load along axis → print with layers perpendicular to axis
- Compressive load → layers can be parallel (less critical)
- Bending moment → layers perpendicular to neutral axis
- Shear → avoid layer interfaces parallel to shear direction
得:向擇含明強、面、支取捨之由。
敗:無向皆合→序為:功強→寸精→面→支少。
配自動或手支於懸:
支角限:
支型:
樹支(FDM、薦):
線支(FDM、傳統):
重支(SLA):
介層:
In slicer (PrusaSlicer example): Print Settings → Support material
得:支生於諸過限懸、覽無浮幾何。
敗:自支不足:
設程合參:
FDM 層高:
SLA 層高:
程之要參:
FDM:
layer_height: 0.2mm
line_width: 0.4mm (= nozzle diameter)
perimeters: 3-4 (structural), 2 (cosmetic)
top_bottom_layers: 5 (0.2mm layers = 1mm solid)
infill_percentage: 20% (cosmetic), 40-60% (functional)
infill_pattern: gyroid (FDM), grid (basic)
print_speed: 50mm/s perimeter, 80mm/s infill
temperature: material-specific (see select-print-material skill)
SLA:
layer_height: 0.05mm
bottom_layers: 6-8 (strong bed adhesion)
exposure_time: material-specific (2-8s per layer)
bottom_exposure_time: 30-60s
lift_speed: 60-80mm/min
retract_speed: 150-180mm/min
得:設配程合默、為材/模需改。
敗:參不確→始切默「Standard Quality」設於擇材、後迭。
察切 G-code 為事:
In slicer:
覽紅旗:
得:覽示連邊、正填、清旅、無顯缺。
敗:調切設重切。常修:
存切 G-code 含述名:
# Naming convention:
# <part_name>_<material>_<layer_height>_<profile>.gcode
# Example: bracket_petg_0.2mm_standard.gcode
# Verify G-code:
grep "^;PRINT_TIME:" model.gcode # Check estimated time
grep "^;Filament used:" model.gcode # Check material usage
head -n 50 model.gcode | grep "^M104\|^M140" # Verify temperatures
# Expected first layer temp:
# M140 S85 (bed temp for PETG)
# M104 S245 (hotend temp for PETG)
印前清單:
得:G-code 檔存含內元、溫驗、印時/材估合理。
敗:印時過(>12 時)→計: