---

name: audit-dependency-versions locale: wenyan-ultra source_locale: en source_commit: 82c77053 translator: "Julius Brussee homage — caveman" translation_date: "2026-04-19" description: > Audit project dependencies for version staleness, security vulnerabilities, and compatibility issues. Covers lock file analysis, upgrade path planning, and breaking change assessment. Use before a release to ensure dependencies are current and secure, during periodic maintenance reviews, after receiving a security advisory, when upgrading to a new language version, before submitting to CRAN or npm, or when inheriting a project to assess its dependency health. license: MIT allowed-tools: Read Bash Grep Glob metadata: author: Philipp Thoss version: "1.0" domain: versioning complexity: intermediate language: multi tags: versioning, dependencies, audit, security, upgrades

審依版

審依項之陳、險、相容。自鎖檔起錄依，較最新版，分陳級，識險，出序升報。

用

• 發版前→察依現且安
• 定期維護（月季）→察
• 得險報→察涉之依
• 升語版（R 4.4→4.5）→察
• 交 CRAN、npm、crates.io 前→察
• 承舊專案→評其依健

入

• 必：專案根含依/鎖檔
• 可：生態類（R、Node.js、Python、Rust）未自識時
• 可：唯險模（略陳，專 CVE）
• 可：免察依清單（已知可容舊版）
• 可：相容標日（如「須容 R 4.4.x」）

行

一：錄諸依

尋、解依檔以建全錄。

R 包：

# Direct dependencies from DESCRIPTION
grep -A 100 "^Imports:" DESCRIPTION | grep -B 100 "^[A-Z]" | head -50
grep -A 100 "^Suggests:" DESCRIPTION | grep -B 100 "^[A-Z]" | head -50

# Pinned versions from renv.lock
cat renv.lock | grep -A 3 '"Package"'

Node.js：

# Direct dependencies
cat package.json | grep -A 100 '"dependencies"' | grep -B 100 "}"
cat package.json | grep -A 100 '"devDependencies"' | grep -B 100 "}"

# Pinned versions from lock file
cat package-lock.json | grep '"version"' | head -20

Python：

# From requirements or pyproject
cat requirements.txt
cat pyproject.toml | grep -A 50 "dependencies"

# Pinned versions
cat requirements.lock 2>/dev/null || pip freeze

Rust：

# From Cargo.toml
grep -A 50 "\[dependencies\]" Cargo.toml
# Pinned versions
cat Cargo.lock | grep -A 2 "name ="

立錄表：

| Package | Pinned Version | Type | Ecosystem |
|---|---|---|---|
| dplyr | 1.1.4 | Import | R |
| testthat | 3.2.1 | Suggests | R |
| express | 4.18.2 | dependency | Node.js |
| pytest | 8.0.0 | dev | Python |

得： 直依與（可選）傳依之全錄，附釘版。

敗： 鎖檔缺→專案不可復。記為發現，自清單檔（DESCRIPTION、package.json）以宣版束代釘版錄之。

二：察最新版

每依定最新可得版。

R：

# Check available versions
available.packages()[c("dplyr", "testthat"), "Version"]

# Or via CLI
Rscript -e 'cat(available.packages()["dplyr", "Version"])'

Node.js：

# Check outdated packages
npm outdated --json

# Or individual package
npm view express version

Python：

# Check outdated
pip list --outdated --format=json

# Or individual
pip index versions requests 2>/dev/null

Rust：

# Check outdated
cargo outdated

# Or individual
cargo search serde --limit 1

錄附最新版：

| Package | Pinned | Latest | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| dplyr | 1.1.4 | 1.1.6 | patch |
| ggplot2 | 3.4.0 | 3.5.1 | minor |
| Rcpp | 1.0.10 | 1.0.14 | patch |
| shiny | 1.7.4 | 1.9.1 | minor |

得： 每依定最新版與差（patch/minor/major）。

敗： 包庫不可達→記此依「不可察」而續。勿因一庫不達阻全審。

三：分陳級

每依賦陳級：

級	定義	行
現	最新或最新 patch 內	無需
patch 落	同 major.minor，patch 舊	低優先升，多安
minor 落	同 major，minor 舊	中優先，閱更新志
major 落	major 舊	高優先，升多破
EOL/封存	不再維護	危：尋代或叉

出陳概：

### Staleness Summary

- **Current**: 12 packages (48%)
- **Patch behind**: 8 packages (32%)
- **Minor behind**: 3 packages (12%)
- **Major behind**: 1 package (4%)
- **EOL/Archived**: 1 package (4%)

**Overall health**: AMBER (major-behind and EOL packages present)

色分：

• GREEN：諸皆現或 patch 落
• AMBER：任 minor 落或一 major 落
• RED：多 major 落或任 EOL

得： 每依分陳級，附總健評。

敗： 版較邏輯模糊（非 SemVer、日期版）→保守分為「minor 落」並記非標版制。

四：察安險

依生態行險審工具：

R：

• No built-in audit tool; check manually
• Cross-reference with https://www.r-project.org/security.html
• Check GitHub advisories for each package

Node.js：

# Built-in audit
npm audit --json

# Severity levels: info, low, moderate, high, critical
npm audit --audit-level=moderate

Python：

# Using pip-audit
pip-audit --format=json

# Or safety
safety check --json

Rust：

# Using cargo-audit
cargo audit --json

錄發現：

### Security Findings

| Package | Version | CVE | Severity | Fixed In | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| express | 4.18.2 | CVE-2024-XXXX | High | 4.19.0 | Path traversal in static file serving |
| lodash | 4.17.20 | CVE-2021-23337 | Critical | 4.17.21 | Command injection via template |

**Security status**: RED (1 critical, 1 high)

得： 險識附 CVE、嚴、涉版、修版。

敗： 此生態無審工具→手查 GitHub Security Advisories。記無工具則審盡力而為。

五：謀升路

依險與影分升序：

### Upgrade Plan

#### Priority 1: Security Fixes (do immediately)
| Package | Current | Target | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lodash | 4.17.20 | 4.17.21 | Low (patch) | Fixes CVE-2021-23337 |
| express | 4.18.2 | 4.19.0 | Low (minor) | Fixes CVE-2024-XXXX |

#### Priority 2: EOL Replacements (plan within 1 month)
| Package | Current | Replacement | Migration Effort |
|---|---|---|---|
| request | 2.88.2 | node-fetch 3.x | Medium (API change) |

#### Priority 3: Major Version Upgrades (plan for next release cycle)
| Package | Current | Target | Breaking Changes |
|---|---|---|---|
| webpack | 4.46.0 | 5.90.0 | Config format, plugin API |

#### Priority 4: Minor/Patch Updates (batch in maintenance window)
| Package | Current | Target | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| dplyr | 1.1.4 | 1.1.6 | Patch fixes only |
| ggplot2 | 3.4.0 | 3.5.1 | New geom functions added |

每 major 升→察其更新志以知破改。

得： 序升謀：險先、EOL 次、major、minor/patch 末批。

敗： 依無清升路（棄且無叉）→記險並薦：（一）藏存當版、（二）尋代、（三）承險而監。

六：錄相容險

每計升→評相容：

### Compatibility Assessment

#### express 4.18.2 -> 4.19.0
- **API changes**: None (patch-level fix)
- **Node.js requirement**: Same (>=14)
- **Test impact**: Run full test suite; expect zero failures
- **Confidence**: HIGH

#### webpack 4.46.0 -> 5.90.0
- **API changes**: Config file format changed, several plugins removed
- **Node.js requirement**: >=10.13 (unchanged)
- **Test impact**: Build configuration must be rewritten; all tests need re-run
- **Confidence**: LOW (requires dedicated migration effort)
- **Migration guide**: https://webpack.js.org/migrate/5/

書全審報於 DEPENDENCY-AUDIT.md 或 DEPENDENCY-AUDIT-2026-02-17.md。

得： 每顯升錄相容險。全審報已書。

敗： 相容非試不可評→薦枝法：造枝、施升、行試、評果而後合。

驗

• 諸直依自鎖/清單檔錄
• 每依察最新版
• 陳級已賦（現/patch/minor/major/EOL）
• 總健評算（GREEN/AMBER/RED）
• 安審以生態工具行
• 諸 CVE 錄嚴、涉版、修版
• 升謀已序：險>EOL>major>minor/patch
• 每 major 升評相容險
• 審報書於 DEPENDENCY-AUDIT.md
• 無依遺為「不可察」而無故

忌

• 略傳依：專案 10 直依→傳依或 200。險多藏於傳依。用 npm ls 或 renv::dependencies() 察全樹。
• 一次全升：諸依一提交全升→無從識何升致退。依類升（險先、major 逐一、minor/patch 末批）。
• 混「陳」與「險」：major 落一無 CVE→險低於現版具危 CVE。先安後新。
• 不閱更新志：盲升 major 而不閱更新志→依之破改成專案之破改。
• 審疲：行審而不行動→立策：險 1 sprint 內解、EOL 1 季內解。
• 鎖檔缺：無鎖檔→建不可復。審現鎖檔缺自為危發現，當先解而後版升。
• 混系 R 執誤：WSL/Docker 上 Rscript 或解為跨平臺包裝非原 R。察 which Rscript && Rscript --version。宜用原 R（如 Linux/WSL /usr/local/bin/Rscript）以穩。詳 Setting Up Your Environment。

參

• apply-semantic-versioning — 依升或觸發版升
• manage-renv-dependencies — R 專依管以 renv
• security-audit-codebase — 廣安審含依險
• manage-changelog — 更新志錄依升
• plan-release-cycle — 依升排於發版時程內