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name: error-message-writer description: "Write clear, helpful error messages that tell users what happened and how to fix it. Use when asked to write an error message, validation text, a failure/empty-error state, or to rewrite a cryptic system error. Produces human, blame-free error copy — what went wrong, why (if useful), and the next step — with options per surface (inline, toast, full page) and the related success/empty states."

Error Message Writer Skill

An error is a moment of friction; a good error message turns it into a recovery. The formula is simple and rarely followed: say what happened, in plain language, and what to do next — without blaming the user or exposing a stack trace. This skill writes error copy that helps people get unstuck and keeps trust intact.

Working from a brief

Given "the payment failed" or a raw system error, write the message anyway — infer the likely cause and the recovery path, and label assumptions. Where the real cause is unknown to the user, focus on the next action. Never hand back a question instead of the copy; never surface internal/technical detail to end users.

Required Inputs

Ask for these only if they aren't already provided (else infer and label):

• What failed — the action or system, and the likely cause(s).
• The surface — inline field, toast/snackbar, modal, or full-page error.
• Recovery — what the user can actually do (retry, fix input, wait, contact support).
• Voice & constraints — tone, length limits, and whether a support/error code is needed.

Output Format

Error Message: [scenario]

• Recommended message — structured as:
  • What happened — plainly, in the user's terms ("We couldn't process your payment").
  • Why / what to check — only if it helps them act ("Your card was declined — check the details or try another card").
  • Next step — the clear action (a button label or instruction).
• By surface — short variants for inline validation, toast, and full-page where relevant.
• Tone notes — blame-free, calm, human; matched to severity (a wrong field ≠ a data-loss event).
• For developers — a note on what to log vs. what to show (keep stack traces and codes out of the user message; offer a support reference if needed).

Quality Checks

• States what happened in plain language — no codes, no jargon, no stack traces shown to the user
• Gives a concrete next step the user can take
• Blame-free — never "you entered it wrong"; focus on the fix
• Tone matches severity (minor validation vs. serious failure)
• Variants fit the surface (inline vs. toast vs. full page) and any length limits
• Separates what to log (technical) from what to show (human)

Anti-Patterns

• Do not show raw/technical errors ("Error 500", "null pointer") to end users
• Do not blame the user ("Invalid input") — say what to do instead
• Do not write a dead-end ("Something went wrong") with no next step
• Do not be jokey about serious failures (payment, data loss) — match the tone to the stakes
• Do not bury the action — the recovery step should be obvious

Based On

UX writing practice — plain-language, blame-free error messages with clear recovery, surface-appropriate variants, and log-vs-show separation.

Example Trigger Phrases

• "Write an error message."
• "Write validation text for this form."
• "Rewrite this cryptic system error."
• "Make our error messages less blaming."