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name: database-hana description: Apply SAP HANA database standards for SQL parameterization, in-memory engine optimization, dynamic IN query chunking, column aliasing on joins, and datatype casting. Use when writing SQL for SAP HANA, optimizing HANA queries, or diagnosing HANA driver errors. metadata: triggers: files: - "/hana.go" - "/sap.go" - "/hana/" - "**/hana.sql" keywords: - HANA - SAP HANA - hdb - go-hdb - CalculationView upstream: - name: hana source: manual pinned: "2.0" reviewed: "2026-08-24"

SAP HANA Database Standards

Priority: P0 (CRITICAL)

Rules

• Strict Parameterization: Always use ? parameter placeholders for SAP HANA queries. Never use raw string concatenation, fmt.Sprintf, or untrusted interpolation for values.
• Batching & Chunking Limits: Chunk large IN (...) parameter lists into batches of at most 1,000 items to avoid HANA driver and engine parameter limits.
• Explicit Column Aliasing: Always explicitly alias columns in multi-table queries (e.g. m.code AS code, m.name AS name). SAP HANA and Go database drivers map scan columns by name; duplicate column names across joins silently collide or overwrite values. Never use SELECT *.
• HANA Datatype Casting Gotchas: SAP HANA functions (such as COALESCE, SUBSTR, CONCAT) require strictly compatible parameter types. Explicitly cast values when comparing or falling back (e.g. COALESCE(col, 'default'), TO_VARCHAR(...), CAST(? AS NVARCHAR)).
• Identifier Case-Sensitivity: Unquoted SQL identifiers in SAP HANA default to UPPERCASE. Quoted identifiers ("columnName") preserve case. Keep identifiers consistent with schema conventions.
• Keyset & Streaming Pagination: Avoid deep LIMIT/OFFSET on large columnar tables. Prefer keyset/seek pagination (WHERE id > ? ORDER BY id ASC LIMIT ?) and stream large result sets using rows.Next() directly into models to prevent memory spikes.
• Transaction Scope: Keep transactions short and focused on atomic write operations. Never perform slow external I/O or unbounded operations inside an open transaction. Always pair with defer tx.Rollback().

Verify

• Query uses ? placeholders for all user-supplied or dynamic values.
• Large IN (...) queries chunk parameters into batches of ≤ 1,000 items.
• All joined queries use explicit, distinct column aliases without SELECT *.
• Built-in functions (COALESCE, SUBSTR) use matching datatypes or explicit CAST/TO_VARCHAR.
• Pagination enforces strict LIMIT caps and stable ORDER BY.
• Transactions are scoped to write paths with defer tx.Rollback().

Anti-Patterns

• No SQL String Concatenation: Never build dynamic WHERE clauses by concatenating unescaped strings. Build parameterized placeholder slices.
• No Unbounded IN Clauses: Passing thousands of IDs in a single IN (?, ?, ...) clause triggers HANA driver buffer overflow or query parsing degradation.
• No SELECT * on Joins: Scanning duplicate column names across joined tables leads to silent bugs where one table's ID overwrites another.
• No Incompatible COALESCE Arguments: Providing mismatched types (e.g. integer column with string fallback) causes runtime HANA inconsistent datatype errors.
• No Heavy Reads Inside Transactions: Do not perform long calculation view aggregations or external network calls while holding an open transaction lock.

References

• SAP HANA Patterns & Query Builders
• SAP HANA SQL Gotchas