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kb-mobile-accessibility

kb-mobile-accessibility

【数据与研究】Reference data, not a reviewer. Audit React Native, Expo, iOS, Android for accessibility. Review accessibilityLabel, accessibilityRole, accessibilityHint, touch targets (44x44pt min), screen reader support, and platform semantics.

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技能说明

GitHub

name: kb-mobile-accessibility description: Reference data, not a reviewer. Audit React Native, Expo, iOS, Android for accessibility. Review accessibilityLabel, accessibilityRole, accessibilityHint, touch targets (44x44pt min), screen reader support, and platform semantics. license: MIT disable-model-invocation: true user-invocable: false metadata: tier: reference domain: cross-cutting output: none effort: low title: Mobile Accessibility

Mobile Accessibility Skill

This skill provides mobile accessibility reference data for React Native, Expo, iOS, and Android auditing. Used by mobile-accessibility.agent.md.


React Native Accessibility Props - Full Reference

Each prop, with its type, values or notes, WCAG SC and required.

PropTypeValues / NotesWCAG SCRequired
accessiblebooleantrue marks the view as an accessibility node4.1.2Conditional
accessibilityLabelstringHuman-readable name - overrides all child text1.1.1, 4.1.2Yes (all interactive + image elements)
accessibilityLabelledBystring / string[]References ID(s) of labelling element1.3.1For form inputs
accessibilityRolestring (see roles table)Communicates element type to AT4.1.2Yes (all interactive elements)
accessibilityHintstringAdditional context spoken after label + role1.3.3When action isn't obvious
accessibilityStateobject{checked, disabled, expanded, selected, busy}4.1.2State-bearing elements
accessibilityValueobject{min, max, now, text}1.3.1Sliders, steppers, progress bars
accessibilityActionsarray[{name, label}] - defines custom actions4.1.3Context menus, long-press alternatives
onAccessibilityActionfunctionHandles custom action triggers4.1.3Paired with accessibilityActions
accessibilityLiveRegionstring'none' / 'polite' / 'assertive'4.1.3Dynamic content updates
accessibilityViewIsModalbooleantrue traps VoiceOver focus inside modal1.3.4Modals, drawers, sheets
accessibilityElementsHiddenbooleaniOS - hides element and children from VoiceOver1.1.1Decorative elements
importantForAccessibilitystringAndroid - 'auto' / 'yes' / 'no' / 'no-hide-descendants'1.1.1Decorative / grouped elements
accessibilityIgnoresInvertColorsbooleaniOS - preserves colors in Inverted Colors mode-Images, video
aria-labelstringRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLabel1.1.1, 4.1.2Preferred in new code
aria-labelledbystringRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLabelledBy1.3.1Form inputs
aria-describedbystringRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityHint1.3.3Additional description
aria-rolestringRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityRole4.1.2All interactive elements
aria-checkedboolean / 'mixed'RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.checked4.1.2Checkboxes
aria-disabledbooleanRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.disabled4.1.2Disabled elements
aria-expandedbooleanRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.expanded4.1.2Accordions, dropdowns
aria-selectedbooleanRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.selected4.1.2Tabs, list items
aria-busybooleanRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.busy4.1.3Loading elements
aria-hiddenbooleanRN 0.73+ - maps to importantForAccessibility / accessibilityElementsHidden1.1.1Decorative content
aria-livestringRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLiveRegion4.1.3Dynamic content
aria-modalbooleanRN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityViewIsModal1.3.4Modals

Accessibility Role Values

Each role, with maps to (ios), maps to (android) and use for.

RoleMaps to (iOS)Maps to (Android)Use For
'button'UIAccessibilityTraitButtonAccessibilityNodeInfo.ROLE_BUTTONButtons, submission triggers
'link'UIAccessibilityTraitLinkAccessibilityNodeInfo.ROLE_LINKNavigation links, external URLs
'search'-ROLE_SEARCHSearch bars
'image'UIAccessibilityTraitImageROLE_IMAGEImages (when accessible=true)
'imagebutton'UIAccessibilityTraitImage+ButtonROLE_BUTTONIcon buttons
'header'UIAccessibilityTraitHeaderROLE_HEADINGHeadings
'text'UIAccessibilityTraitStaticTextROLE_LABELStatic text
'adjustable'UIAccessibilityTraitAdjustableROLE_SCROLL_VIEWSliders
'checkbox'-ROLE_CHECKBOXCheckboxes
'combobox'-ROLE_DROP_DOWN_LISTDropdowns
'menu'-ROLE_MENUMenus
'menuitem'-ROLE_MENU_ITEMMenu items
'menubar'-ROLE_MENU_BARMenu bars
'progressbar'UIAccessibilityTraitUpdatesFrequentlyROLE_PROGRESS_BARProgress indicators
'radio'-ROLE_RADIO_BUTTONRadio buttons
'radiogroup'--Radio button groups
'scrollbar'-ROLE_SCROLL_BARScrollbars
'spinbutton'-ROLE_SCROLL_VIEWSteppers, number inputs
'switch'-ROLE_SWITCHToggle switches
'tab'-ROLE_TABTab elements
'tablist'-ROLE_TAB_LISTTab containers
'timer'UIAccessibilityTraitUpdatesFrequently-Countdown timers
'toolbar'-ROLE_TOOL_BARToolbars
'grid'-ROLE_GRIDData grids
'list'-ROLE_LISTLists
'listitem'-ROLE_LIST_ITEMList items
'summary'UIAccessibilityTraitSummaryElement-Summary/status views
'alert'UIAccessibilityTraitCausesPageTurnROLE_ALERTAlert dialogs
'none'UIAccessibilityTraitNoneROLE_NONESuppress role

Touch Target Size Requirements

Each platform, with its minimum size, recommended and standard.

PlatformMinimum SizeRecommendedStandard
iOS44 x 44 pt44 x 44 ptHIG
Android48 x 48 dp48 x 48 dpMaterial Design
Web mobile44 x 44 CSS px (AAA)44 x 44 CSS pxWCAG 2.5.5
Web mobile (AA, 2.2)24 x 24 CSS px with spacing44 x 44 CSS pxWCAG 2.5.8

Detection Pattern (React Native)

// Violation: TouchableOpacity below minimum
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  closeBtn: { width: 24, height: 24 },          // FAIL - below 44pt
  iconBtn: { width: 32, height: 32 },            // FAIL - below 44pt
  navBtn: { padding: 4 },                        // CONDITIONAL - depends on content size
  compliant: { width: 44, height: 44 },          // PASS
  compliantWithPadding: { padding: 12 },         // PASS if content >= 20pt
});

iOS UIAccessibility - Quick Reference

SwiftUI Modifiers

Each modifier, with its purpose.

ModifierPurpose
.accessibilityLabel("...")Overrides spoken name
.accessibilityHint("...")Spoken usage hint (after pause)
.accessibilityValue("...")Spoken current value
.accessibilityHidden(true)Removes from VoiceOver tree
.accessibilityElement(children: .combine)Merges child elements into one node
.accessibilityElement(children: .contain)Groups children as sub-elements
.accessibilityElement(children: .ignore)Container becomes accessible, children hidden
.accessibilityAddTraits(.isButton)Adds role trait
.accessibilityRemoveTraits(.isImage)Removes wrong role trait
.accessibilityInputLabels(["..."])Voice Control activation labels
.accessibilitySortPriority(n)Overrides VoiceOver reading order (higher = earlier)
.accessibilityAction(named: "...", {})Custom action in the Actions rotor
.accessibilityActivationPoint(CGPoint)Override activation tap point
.accessibilityCustomContent("label", "value")Extra info in Accessibility Inspector

SwiftUI Trait Values

isButton, isHeader, isLink, isImage, isStaticText, isSelected, isKeyboardKey, isSearchField, playsSound, isModal, updatesFrequently, startsMediaSession, allowsDirectInteraction, causesPageTurn, isTabBar, isSummaryElement

UIKit Properties

Each property, with its type and notes.

PropertyTypeNotes
isAccessibilityElementBoolSet true on custom views
accessibilityLabelString?Overrides spoken name
accessibilityHintString?Spoken after pause
accessibilityValueString?Current value (sliders, progress)
accessibilityTraitsUIAccessibilityTraitsBitfield of traits (.button, .header, etc.)
accessibilityFrameCGRectDetermines VoiceOver focus rect
accessibilityActivate()funcOverride activation behavior
accessibilityElements[Any]?Set container's VoiceOver child order
shouldGroupAccessibilityChildrenBoolGroups all children into single node
accessibilityViewIsModalBooltrue = VoiceOver trapped inside
accessibilityElementsHiddenBoolHides all children from VoiceOver

Android Jetpack Compose Semantics - Quick Reference

Each modifier / property, with its purpose.

Modifier / PropertyPurpose
semantics { contentDescription = "..." }Accessible name
semantics { role = Role.Button }Element role
semantics { stateDescription = "..." }Current state text
semantics { heading() }Marks as heading
semantics { selected = true/false }Selected state
semantics { toggleableState = ToggleableState.On }Toggle state
semantics { onClick(label = "...", action = {...}) }Click action with label
semantics { disabled() }Disabled state
semantics { focused = true }Force focus
semantics { liveRegion = LiveRegion.Polite }Live region announcements
semantics { invisibleToUser() }Hide from TalkBack
semantics { mergeDescendants = true }Merge child semantics into one node
clearAndSetSemantics { ... }Replace all descendant semantics
Modifier.semantics(mergeDescendants = true) { }Short merge pattern

Role Values

Role.Button, Role.Checkbox, Role.DropdownList, Role.Image, Role.RadioButton, Role.Switch, Role.Tab


Common Violation Patterns and Fixes

RN-001: Missing accessibilityLabel on icon button

// VIOLATION
<TouchableOpacity onPress={close}>
  <Icon name="x" size={20} />
</TouchableOpacity>

// FIX
<TouchableOpacity
  onPress={close}
  accessibilityRole="button"
  accessibilityLabel="Close"
>
  <Icon name="x" size={20} aria-hidden />
</TouchableOpacity>

RN-002: Image missing label

// VIOLATION
<Image source={productImage} style={styles.product} />

// FIX - informational image
<Image
  source={productImage}
  style={styles.product}
  accessibilityLabel="Blue suede shoes, size 10"
/>

// FIX - decorative image
<Image
  source={decorativeBackground}
  style={styles.bg}
  accessible={false}
  importantForAccessibility="no"
/>

RN-003: TextInput missing label

// VIOLATION - placeholder is not a label
<TextInput placeholder="Email" value={email} onChangeText={setEmail} />

// FIX
<View>
  <Text nativeID="emailLabel">Email address</Text>
  <TextInput
    value={email}
    onChangeText={setEmail}
    accessibilityLabelledBy="emailLabel"
    accessibilityHint="Enter your email address"
    keyboardType="email-address"
    autoComplete="email"
  />
</View>

RN-004: Checkbox missing state

// VIOLATION
<TouchableOpacity onPress={toggle}>
  <Image source={checked ? checkedIcon : uncheckedIcon} />
  <Text>Accept terms</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>

// FIX
<TouchableOpacity
  onPress={toggle}
  accessibilityRole="checkbox"
  accessibilityState={{ checked }}
  accessibilityLabel="Accept terms and conditions"
>
  <Image source={checked ? checkedIcon : uncheckedIcon} accessible={false} />
  <Text>Accept terms</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>

RN-005: Modal not trapping focus

// VIOLATION - custom modal without VoiceOver trap
<View style={styles.modal}>
  <Text>Are you sure?</Text>
  <Button title="Confirm" onPress={confirm} />
</View>

// FIX - use Modal component (traps focus automatically) or set accessibilityViewIsModal
<Modal
  visible={visible}
  transparent
  accessibilityViewIsModal={true}  // traps VoiceOver
  onRequestClose={close}           // Android back button
>
  <View style={styles.overlay}>
    <Text>Are you sure?</Text>
    <Button title="Confirm" onPress={confirm} />
    <Button title="Cancel" onPress={close} />
  </View>
</Modal>

AND-001: Compose image missing content description

// VIOLATION
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.product),
    contentDescription = null  // null = decorative, but wrong for informational image
)

// FIX - informational
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.product),
    contentDescription = stringResource(R.string.product_image_description)
)

// FIX - truly decorative
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.divider),
    contentDescription = null,
    modifier = Modifier.semantics { invisibleToUser() }
)

Testing Tool Commands

iOS Accessibility Inspector (Xcode)

Xcode -> Xcode menu -> Open Developer Tool -> Accessibility Inspector
- Run audit: Click "Audit" tab -> "Run Audit" button
- Inspect: "Inspection" tab -> hover over elements in Simulator
- Keyboard: Use +F7 to toggle VoiceOver in Simulator

Android Accessibility Scanner

# Install (Play Store or adb)
adb install com.google.android.apps.accessibility.auditor

# Enable TalkBack via ADB (for CI)
adb shell settings put secure enabled_accessibility_services \
  com.google.android.marvin.talkback/.TalkBackService

# Check accessibility node tree
adb shell uiautomator dump /sdcard/ui_dump.xml
adb pull /sdcard/ui_dump.xml

React Native Testing Library

npm install --save-dev @testing-library/react-native
import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react-native';

test('button has accessible name and role', () => {
  render(<SubmitButton onPress={jest.fn()} />);
  const btn = screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i });
  expect(btn).toBeTruthy();
});

test('checkbox updates state', () => {
  render(<TermsCheckbox />);
  const checkbox = screen.getByRole('checkbox', { name: /accept terms/i });
  expect(checkbox).toHaveAccessibilityState({ checked: false });
  fireEvent.press(checkbox);
  expect(checkbox).toHaveAccessibilityState({ checked: true });
});

Maestro (E2E)

# .maestro/accessibility-checks.yaml
appId: com.example.myapp
---
- launchApp
- assertVisible:
    label: "Submit form"
- tapOn:
    label: "Close"
- assertNotVisible:
    label: "Are you sure?"
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