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name: prl-methods description: Use when deciding what methodological detail belongs in a Physical Review Letters body versus Supplemental Material, so a physicist can trust the result without the Letter becoming a long paper. Partitions methods; does not design figures or run analysis.

PRL Methods (prl-methods)

When to trigger

• Your Methods text is several paragraphs of apparatus, sample, or derivation detail
• You cannot tell what a reader needs versus what is reassuring completeness
• Reviewers of a prior draft asked for more rigor, and you are tempted to add bulk
• The Letter is over length and methods are a prime trimming target
• You are unsure which derivation steps to keep inline versus move to SM

The trust-minimum principle

In a Letter, methods exist to let a competent physicist believe the central claim — not to enable full replication inline. Full replication detail lives in Supplemental Material. Keep in the body only what is load-bearing for trust:

• The essential experimental configuration or theoretical setup (one compact description).
• The key control(s) that rule out the obvious alternative explanation.
• The decisive statistical/systematic statement (uncertainties, significance) for the headline number.
• The one or two equations that define the quantity being claimed.

Everything else — calibration procedures, sample growth, full Hamiltonians, lengthy derivations, parameter sweeps, additional checks — goes to SM and is cited inline ("see Supplemental Material [ref]").

Partition table

Detail type	Body (trust-minimum)	Supplemental Material
Core setup / model definition	one compact paragraph	full apparatus / full Hamiltonian
Defining equations	1–2 that define the claim	full derivation chain
Key control ruling out the obvious artifact	yes, stated explicitly	secondary controls
Uncertainty on the headline result	yes (stat + dominant syst)	full error budget
Sample / material preparation	one-line provenance	growth, characterization data
Numerical convergence / mesh	one-line assurance	convergence study
Reproducibility info (code/data location)	pointer	data-availability detail

Rigor without bulk

PRL referees in physics are sharp about systematics and alternative explanations. Pre-empt the obvious objection in the body, briefly, and point to the SM for the exhaustive version. A single sentence ruling out the leading artifact is worth more than a paragraph of generic robustness language.

• State uncertainties as numbers, separating statistical and dominant systematic.
• Name the alternative explanation and the control that excludes it.
• For theory: state assumptions explicitly; relegate algebra to SM but keep the physical logic inline.

Worked micro-example: compressing an apparatus paragraph

Before (regular-article register):

"The cryostat was cooled over 48 hours. Thermometry used a calibrated sensor. Wiring consisted of filtered twisted pairs. Measurements used a lock-in amplifier after verifying frequency independence."

After (trust-minimum, one sentence + SM pointer):

"Measurements were performed in a dilution refrigerator with filtered wiring and calibrated thermometry; checks bounding self-heating below the quoted uncertainty are given in the Supplemental Material [ref]."

The rewrite keeps what a skeptical physicist needs — the environment, the leading artifact class, where the exhaustive checks live — and returns a paragraph of budget to the physics.

Sentence patterns that buy trust cheaply

• Control-in-a-clause: "The signal is absent at zero applied field, ruling out pickup as its origin."
• Split uncertainty: "We obtain X = value ± (stat) ± (syst), the systematic dominated by calibration drift."
• Assumption flag (theory): "Throughout we assume [condition]; relaxing it modifies only the prefactor (SM Sec. S2)."
• Convergence one-liner: "Results are converged in system size to within the plotted symbol size."

Each pattern replaces a defensive paragraph with one load-bearing sentence.

Checklist

• Body methods are the minimum needed to trust the central claim
• The leading alternative explanation is named and addressed inline
• Headline result carries stated statistical + dominant systematic uncertainty
• Only claim-defining equations are inline; derivations are in SM
• Every "see SM" pointer resolves to actual SM content
• Data / code availability has a concrete pointer
• No replication-completeness padding in the body

Anti-patterns

• Treating the Letter like a full PR article and inlining the whole method
• Generic robustness boilerplate instead of the one decisive control
• Quoting a headline number with no uncertainty, or merged stat+syst
• Equations with undefined symbols (define on first use)
• "Details available on request" instead of a data-availability statement

Output format

【Trust-minimum kept inline】setup / key control / uncertainty / defining eqs
【Moved to SM】list
【Leading alternative explanation】named + control inline?  yes / fix
【Headline uncertainty】stat + syst stated?  yes / fix
【Data availability】pointer present?  yes / fix
【Next】prl-figures (lead figure) or prl-supplementary (SM partition)

Data-availability and reproducibility expectations evolve — verify current APS policy on the official PRL author page.