name: rust-concurrency-primitives
description: Design and review thread-based Rust concurrency with explicit ownership, sharing, and synchronization choices. Use when writing, refactoring, or reviewing threads, scoped threads, channels, Arc, Mutex, RwLock, Condvar, atomics, OnceLock, LazyLock, Send, Sync, deadlocks, or shared state.
license: MIT
compatibility: Codex, Claude Code, and other Agent Skills-compatible clients.
metadata:
version: "0.1.0"
displayName: Rust Concurrency Primitives
category: Rust
tags: rust,concurrency,threads,synchronization,atomics
Rust Concurrency Primitives
Use this skill to design thread-based Rust concurrency with explicit ownership,
sharing, and synchronization. Prefer the simplest primitive that matches the
coordination requirement before adding shared mutable state.
Core Workflow
- Classify the work: independent fork-join, producer/consumer pipeline, shared
state, one-time initialization, or low-level atomic coordination.
- Prefer owned data per thread. Add shared ownership only when data must be
observed or mutated by multiple threads.
- Use
std::thread::scope when child threads can borrow stack data and must
finish before the function returns.
- Use channels for ownership transfer and pipelines. Use
Arc<Mutex<T>> or
Arc<RwLock<T>> only when shared state is the clearer model.
- Keep lock scopes short and never call user-controlled or blocking code while
holding a lock unless that is the invariant being protected.
- Use
OnceLock or LazyLock for thread-safe one-time initialization instead
of ad hoc global mutable state.
- Treat atomics as a specialized tool. Use
SeqCst by default until a weaker
ordering is justified and documented.
Primitive Selection
Read references/threading-shared-state.md before introducing a new shared
state primitive or reviewing deadlock-prone code.
| Need | Primitive |
|---|
| Borrow local data into short-lived threads | std::thread::scope |
| Transfer work or results | std::sync::mpsc or project channel crate |
| Shared read/write state | Arc<Mutex<T>> |
| Many readers, rare writers | Arc<RwLock<T>> |
| Wait for condition changes | Condvar with Mutex |
| One-time global initialization | LazyLock or OnceLock |
| Counters, flags, lock-free coordination | std::sync::atomic |
Safety And Review Rules
- Require
Send for values crossing thread boundaries and Sync for shared
references used from multiple threads.
- Decide whether poisoning should propagate panic or recover with
PoisonError::into_inner.
- Establish a lock ordering when more than one lock can be acquired.
- Prefer
Arc::clone(&value) over value.clone() when the cloned value is an
ownership handle and readability matters.
- Use Rayon for data parallel iteration when the problem is pure CPU data
parallelism and the project already accepts that dependency.
Tests
- Add deterministic tests around final state, message counts, and shutdown.
- Use barriers, channels, or scoped threads to coordinate tests; avoid sleeps.
- Add at least one test for panic, dropped sender/receiver, or cancellation
behavior when the code depends on it.