---

name: dev-guide-architecture description: > Nested lingtai-dev-guide reference for the project architecture: Go TUI/portal monorepo, Python kernel, MCP addon repos, filesystem IPC, and where per-project/per-machine state lives. version: 1.0.1 last_changed_at: "2026-08-10T00:00:00Z" maintenance: "If you find stale or incorrect information here, use the lingtai-issue-report skill to assemble evidence and obtain per-issue human consent before filing an issue. Never include secrets, credentials, tokens, or private paths."

Architecture

Nested lingtai-dev-guide reference. Read this after the top-level router sends you here. This document maps the LingTai project: what the pieces are, how they connect, and where state lives.

The two repos

lingtai — Go monorepo (TUI + portal)

Location: github.com/Lingtai-AI/lingtai

Two binary targets in one repo:

Binary	Source	Build output	Role
lingtai-tui	tui/	tui/bin/lingtai-tui	Terminal UI — Bubble Tea v2 + lipgloss v2. Agent launcher, monitor, mail viewer, preset editor, first-run wizard.
lingtai-portal	portal/	portal/bin/lingtai-portal	Web portal — Go HTTP server with embedded React 19 frontend. Network visualization, mail/replay UI, topology recorder.

Key packages in tui/internal/:

Package	Role
tui/	Bubble Tea models for every screen (~22k LOC)
preset/	Atomic {llm, capabilities} bundle layer
migrate/	Retained historical/test migration registry (m001–m039); production startup no longer runs it or advances .lingtai/meta.json
globalmigrate/	Live per-machine migrations under ~/.lingtai-tui/ (run by the TUI at startup)
fs/	Filesystem read accessors into agent working directories
config/	Global TUI config under ~/.lingtai-tui/
process/	Subprocess launcher for python -m lingtai run <dir>
i18n/	en/zh/wen JSON tables (three locales always)

Key packages in portal/internal/:

Package	Role
api/	HTTP server, handlers, replay endpoint
fs/	Filesystem accessors (same shape as TUI's, portal-tailored)
migrate/	Retained historical migration registry/tests (m001–m039); Portal production does not run it
web/	React 19 + TypeScript + Vite frontend (embedded into Go binary)

lingtai-kernel — Python kernel

Location: github.com/Lingtai-AI/lingtai-kernel

Published as the lingtai package on PyPI. Contains:

• src/lingtai/kernel/ — the minimal agent runtime (turn loop, lifecycle, tool dispatch, mailbox, molt orchestration)
• src/lingtai/ — the batteries-included wrapper (MCP, FileIO, Vision, Search, CLI)

The wrapper depends on the kernel one-directionally. The kernel never imports from the wrapper.

How they connect

   lingtai (Go)                          lingtai-kernel (Python)
┌──────────────┬───────────────┐        ┌────────────────────────┐
│ lingtai-tui  │ lingtai-portal│        │     Agent runtime      │
│  (terminal)  │     (web)     │◄──────►│ turn loop · tools ·    │
└──────────────┴───────────────┘        │ mailbox · molt         │
         filesystem only                └────────────────────────┘
         (.lingtai/<agent>/)

The TUI and portal never open a socket or RPC channel to a running agent. All communication is through files — agent manifests, heartbeats, signal files, mailbox folders, .notification/. This is a deliberate design choice: any new cross-process communication should follow the same pattern (write a file, let the other side poll).

TUI → kernel: The TUI launches agents via python -m lingtai run <dir> as a subprocess (tui/internal/process/launcher.go). After spawn, the TUI never talks to the agent process directly — only via the agent's working directory.

TUI → filesystem (read): .agent.json, .agent.heartbeat, mailbox/, logs/token_ledger.jsonl, history/chat_history.jsonl, system/*.md, .notification/*.json.

TUI → filesystem (write): Signal files only: .sleep, .suspend, .interrupt, .clear, .prompt, .refresh. Plus init.json via explicit user actions.

TUI ↔ Homebrew tap: Pushing a release tag runs the root release workflow, which updates Lingtai-AI/homebrew-lingtai/lingtai-tui.rb.

Portal ↔ TUI: The TUI discovers an installed lingtai-portal to launch on /viz; otherwise the binaries are independent.

Cross-repo dependencies

Repo	Relationship to lingtai
lingtai-kernel	Runtime dependency only (the Python agent the TUI launches). Not a build-time dependency.
lingtai-skill	Canonical mailbox-protocol SKILL.md. Vendored into plugin repos.
lingtai-claude-code	Claude Code plugin (SessionStart hook, marketplace manifest).
codex-plugin	OpenAI Codex CLI plugin.
lingtai-imap / lingtai-telegram / lingtai-feishu / lingtai-wechat	MCP server addons. Each is a separate PyPI package.
Lingtai-AI/homebrew-lingtai	Homebrew tap for lingtai-tui.

Where state lives

Per-project state: <project>/.lingtai/

.lingtai/
├── meta.json                    # legacy migration metadata (neither binary reads or advances it)
├── <agent>/
│   ├── init.json                # agent's preset manifest
│   ├── .agent.json              # written by agent, read by TUI/portal
│   ├── .agent.heartbeat         # liveness signal
│   ├── .status.json             # agent status
│   ├── mailbox/                 # filesystem mailbox
│   │   ├── inbox/
│   │   ├── outbox/
│   │   ├── sent/
│   │   └── archive/
│   ├── .notification/           # notification producer files
│   │   ├── email.json
│   │   └── system.json
│   ├── logs/                    # token ledger, events
│   ├── history/                 # chat history, snapshots
│   ├── system/                  # pad, summaries, config fragments
│   ├── .library/                # skill library
│   └── delegates/               # avatar ledger
├── human/                       # user's pseudo-agent (no admin, no heartbeat)
├── .tui-asset/                  # TUI-owned per-project caches
└── .portal/                     # portal-owned files (port, recordings)

Per-machine state: ~/.lingtai-tui/

~/.lingtai-tui/
├── meta.json                    # live global migration version stamp (tui/internal/globalmigrate/)
├── tui_config.json              # global TUI preferences
├── runtime/venv/                # Python venv with `lingtai` installed
├── presets/
│   ├── templates/               # TUI-owned, rewritten on Bootstrap
│   └── saved/                   # user-owned, Bootstrap never touches
├── utilities/                   # optional library paths for agents
└── ...