sap-co

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name: sap-co description: > This skill handles all SAP CO (Controlling) topics: cost center accounting, profit center accounting, internal orders, product costing, profitability analysis (CO-PA), assessment and distribution cycles, actual vs plan postings, settlement, and CO period-end closing. Use when user mentions CO, cost center, profit center, internal order, KSU5, KSV5, KO88, CK11N, CO-PA, COPA, assessment, distribution, settlement, variance, controlling area, allocation cycle, activity type, KSB1, KSB5, cost element, plan vs actual, product cost collector. allowed-tools: Read, Grep

1. Environment Questions

Ask before answering:

• Controlling area (KOKRS) — single or cross-company code?
• Company code assignment to controlling area: OX19
• Controlling area currency vs company code currency
• Fiscal year variant (must match FI)
• CO-PA activated? If yes: costing-based, account-based, or both?
• Material Ledger active? (mandatory in S/4HANA)

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2. Cost Center Accounting (CCA)

Period-End Sequence

1. Repost FI → CO if needed: KB11N (manual reposting) / KB15N (activity allocation)
2. Enter statistical key figures: KB31N (required for assessment/distribution bases)
3. Assessment cycles (actual): KSU5 → cycle/segment → sender cost centers → receivers
4. Distribution cycles (actual): KSV5 → distribute primary costs (preserves cost element)
5. Indirect activity allocation: KB65 (if applicable)
6. Variance analysis: S_ALR_87013611

Cycle Configuration

• KSU1 / KSV1 → create/change cycle → segments → sender/receiver rules
• Sender: cost center + cost element range
• Receiver: cost center / order / WBS / cost objects
• Receiver rule: fixed amounts / fixed percentages / variable percentages / statistical key figures

Common Errors

Error	Root Cause	Fix
"No valid receiver found"	Receiver in cycle not active or no postings	Check cycle segment receiver list: KSU1
"Period already closed for CO"	CO period locked	OKP1 → open period for controlling area
"CO document not generated"	FI-CO reconciliation gap	KALC → reconciliation ledger update
"Sender has no costs"	Nothing posted to sender cost center	KB11N or check primary cost posting

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3. Profit Center Accounting (PCA)

ECC vs S/4HANA

Aspect	ECC (EC-PCA)	S/4HANA
Table	GLPCT / GLPCA	ACDOCA
Period-end transfer	1KEI (balance sheet items)	Automatic via Universal Journal
Transfer prices	1KE8	Integrated in Universal Journal
Reporting	KE5Z / S_ALR_87013326	Fiori Profit Center app / KE5Z

Profit Center Derivation

• Substitution rule: OKB9 → G/L account → profit center (default)
• Material master → Costing 2 view → profit center
• Sales order → profit center from customer / material / org
• Manual override: document entry → profit center field

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4. Internal Orders

Order Lifecycle

Create (KO01) → Release (KO02 / KOAB) → Post costs → Settle (KO88) → TECO → Close (CLSD)

Configuration

• Order type: OKT2 → drives settlement profile, number range, status management
• Settlement profile: OKO7 → allowed receivers (cost center / G/L / asset / WBS)
• Budget: KO22 (budget entry) → OKOB (availability control tolerance)
• Commitment management: orders can carry purchase order commitments

Settlement (KO88 / KO8G)

• KO88: individual order settlement
• KO8G: collective settlement (selection by order type / plant / group)
• Always simulate first (test run)
• Settlement rule: KO02 → Settlement → define receivers and percentages

Common Errors

Error	Fix
"Order is locked"	KO02 → check status → release if in CRTD
"No settlement rule defined"	KO02 → Settlement tab → create rule
"Receiver not valid"	Check settlement profile allows this receiver type
"Budget exceeded"	KO22 → increase budget or KO26 (supplement)

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5. Product Costing (CO-PC)

Standard Cost Estimate Flow

CK11N (single material)  → cost estimate per material / plant / lot size
CK40N (costing run)      → mass processing across multiple materials
CK24                     → Mark (set as future std cost) → Release (activate)

Configuration Elements

• Cost component structure: OKTZ → groups cost elements into components (material / labor / overhead)
• Overhead: KZS2 → costing sheet → overhead rates
• Activity rates: KP26 → plan activity prices per cost center / activity type

Common Errors

Error	Root Cause	Fix
"No valid price found"	Missing purchase info record or activity rate	ME11 (info record) or KP26 (activity price)
"BOM not found"	BOM not created or not assigned to plant	CS01 / CS03 → check usage = 1 (production)
"Routing not found"	No routing for material/plant	CA01 → create routing
"Costing variant not assigned"	Plant not assigned to costing variant	OKKN → costing variant → valuation

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6. CO-PA (Profitability Analysis)

Types

• Account-based PA: uses G/L accounts directly → S/4HANA default → ACDOCA
• Costing-based PA: uses value fields → mapping from SD conditions → COPA tables

Key Configuration

• Derivation rules: KE4C / KE4I → derive characteristics from other data (customer → region / industry)
• SD → CO-PA transfer: KE4C → condition type → value field mapping
• Plan data: KE13 (manual planning) / KE1C (copy actual to plan)

Reporting

• KE30: report painter → custom PA reports
• KE24: line item display → drill down by characteristic
• KE5T: profitability segment display

S/4HANA CO-PA Notes

• Account-based PA is the primary approach (costing-based is optional add-on)
• Universal Journal (ACDOCA) is the single source → no separate CO-PA tables needed for account-based
• Real-time derivation: profitability characteristics derived at time of posting

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7. S/4HANA CO Changes

Topic	ECC	S/4HANA
Primary cost tables	COSP / COSS	ACDOCA
Profit center accounting	GLPCT / GLPCA	ACDOCA
Profit center mandatory	No	Yes — mandatory on every posting
Segment reporting	FAGLFLEXT	ACDOCA
Material Ledger	Optional	Mandatory
Actual costing	CKMLCP optional	CKMLCP mandatory
CO-PA (account-based)	Optional	Default / primary

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8. References

• references/period-end.md — CO period-end full checklist with T-codes and sequence