name: falco
compatibility: opencode
completeness: 95
content-types:
- guidance
- examples
- do-dont
- config
description: '"Provides Falco in Cloud-Native Engineering - Cloud Native Runtime Security"'
license: MIT
maturity: stable
metadata:
domain: cncf
output-format: manifests
role: reference
scope: infrastructure
triggers: cdn, cloud-native, engineering, falco, infrastructure as code, monitoring,
cloudformation, cloudfront
archetypes:
- educational
- strategic
anti_triggers:
- brainstorming
- vague ideation
- non-containerized architecture
response_profile:
verbosity: medium
directive_strength: low
abstraction_level: strategic
version: "1.0.0"
related-skills: cncf-aws-kms, cncf-aws-s3, cncf-aws-secrets-manager, cncf-azure-key-vault
Falco in Cloud-Native Engineering
Category: cloud-native
Status: Active
Stars: 8,890
Last Updated: 2026-04-21
Primary Language: C++
Documentation: https://falco.org/docs/
Purpose and Use Cases
Falco is a core component of the cloud-native ecosystem, serving as a runtime security observability tool that monitors system calls and detects anomalous activity in containers and hosts.
What Problem Does It Solve?
The challenge of detecting security threats and anomalous behavior in running containers and hosts without modifying application code or adding heavy monitoring agents.
When to Use This Project
Use Falco when you need runtime security monitoring for containers and hosts, want to detect anomalous activity based on behavioral baselines, or require compliance auditing for system calls.
Key Use Cases
- Runtime security monitoring
- Anomaly detection in containers
- System call monitoring
- Compliance auditing
- Intrusion detection for Kubernetes
Architecture Design Patterns
Core Components
- Kernel Module: Captures system calls from kernel
- eBPF Program: Alternative to kernel module for syscall capture
- Rule Engine: Evaluates system calls against security rules
- Output Engine: Sends alerts to configured destinations
- Rules Files: YAML files containing security detection rules
- Syscall Buffer: Buffer for system call events
Component Interactions
- Kernel → Syscall Buffer: Captures system calls
- Rule Engine → Syscall Buffer: Evaluates calls
- Rule Engine → Output Engine: Sends alerts
- Output Engine → Destinations: Sends to log files, syslog, etc.
Data Flow Patterns
- Syscall Capture: Kernel → eBPF/bpf → Buffer → Rule engine
- Rule Evaluation: Syscall → Rule match → Output event → Handler
- Alert Handling: Event → Filter → Output → Destinations
Design Principles
- Behavioral Monitoring: Detects anomalous behavior
- Rule-Based: Configurable detection rules
- Multi-Platform: Linux kernel and container support
- Output Flexible: Multiple output destinations
- Extensible: Custom rules and outputs
Integration Approaches
Integration with Other CNCF Projects
- Kubernetes: Native Kubernetes security monitoring
- Runtime: Container and host security
- Audit Logging: System call monitoring
- Output Destinations: Integration with monitoring systems
API Patterns
- Config File: YAML-based configuration
- Rules File: YAML-based rule definitions
- Output Configuration: Multiple output destinations
- gRPC API: Plugin interface (optional)
Configuration Patterns
- falco.yaml: Main configuration
- Rules Files: Security rules
- Output Configuration: Destination settings
- GRPC Config: Plugin configuration
Extension Mechanisms
- Rules: Custom detection rules
- Output Destinations: Custom handlers
- Syscalls: System call filters
- Plugin System: Runtime plugins
Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
Misconfigurations
- Rule Syntax: Incorrect YAML rule syntax
- Syscall Filters: Incorrect syscall filters
- Output Configuration: Missing or incorrect outputs
- Rules Priority: Incorrect rule ordering
Performance Issues
- Syscall Overhead: High kernel overhead
- Rule Evaluation: Many rules
- Buffer Size: Small buffer causing drops
- Output Performance: Slow output destinations
Operational Challenges
- Rule Maintenance: Keeping rules current
- Performance Impact: Minimal overhead
- False Positives: Tuning rules
- Log Volume: Managing alert volume
Security Pitfalls
- Rule Security: Rules accessing sensitive files
- Output Security: Unencrypted alert transmission
- Syscall Filtering: Incomplete syscall capture
Coding Practices
Idiomatic Configuration
- YAML Configuration: Clear structure
- Rules Files: Organized rule definitions
- Environment Variables: Override config
- Output Configuration: Modular output setup
API Usage Patterns
- falco CLI: Command-line options
- Rules Files: Rule management
- Output Config: Configure destinations
Observability Best Practices
- Alert Metrics: Alert volume and types
- Rule Statistics: Rule match counts
- Syscall Metrics: System call volume
- Output Logs: Alert destination logs
Testing Strategies
- Unit Tests: Rule tests
- Integration Tests: Syscall capture
- E2E Tests: Full security monitoring
- Compatibility Tests: Kernel versions
Development Workflow
- Development: Falco development setup
- Testing: Rule tests, integration tests
- Debugging: Debug logs, rule testing
- Deployment: DaemonSet, static pods
- CI/CD: GitHub Actions, security testing
- Tools: falco-driver-loader, falcoctl
Fundamentals
Essential Concepts
- Rule: Security detection rule
- Syscall: System call monitoring
- Output: Alert destination
- Event: Security event
- Filter: Rule condition
- Predicate: Rule evaluation
- Macro: Reusable rule component
- List: Reusable list of values
- eBPF: Kernel-level capture
- Kernel Module: Alternative capture method
Terminology Glossary
- Rule: Detection rule
- Syscall: System call
- Output: Alert destination
- Event: Security event
- Filter: Rule condition
- Predicate: Rule evaluation
- Macro: Reusable component
- List: Reusable values
- eBPF: Kernel capture
- Kernel Module: Capture method
Data Models and Types
- Rule: Rule definition
- Macro: Macro definition
- List: List definition
- Filter: Filter definition
- Output: Output configuration
- Event: Event data
- Predicate: Predicate definition
Lifecycle Management
- Event Lifecycle: Capture → Filter → Match → Output
- Rule Lifecycle: Load → Evaluate → Update
- Alert Lifecycle: Detect → Process → Notify
State Management
- Rule State: Loaded rules
- Syscall Buffer State: Captured syscalls
- Output State: Alert destinations
- Event State: Pending events
Scaling and Deployment Patterns
Horizontal Scaling
- Node Scaling: Falco on each node
- Rule Engine Scaling: Parallel rule evaluation
- Output Scaling: Multiple output destinations
High Availability
- Node HA: Falco daemonset
- Output HA: Multiple output destinations
Production Deployments
- Production Configuration: Optimized rules
- Output Configuration: Production alert destinations
- Monitoring: Falco metrics
- Performance: Minimal overhead configuration
Upgrade Strategies
- Rule Update: Dynamic rule loading
- Version Compatibility: Kernel module compatibility
- Configuration Reload: Zero-downtime config update
Resource Management
- Buffer Size: Syscall buffer size
- Memory Configuration: Rule evaluation memory
- CPU Configuration: Rule evaluation threads
Additional Resources
Troubleshooting
Common Issues
-
Deployment Failures
- Check pod logs for errors
- Verify configuration values
- Ensure network connectivity
-
Performance Issues
- Monitor resource usage
- Adjust resource limits
- Check for bottlenecks
-
Configuration Errors
- Validate YAML syntax
- Check required fields
- Verify environment-specific settings
-
Integration Problems
- Verify API compatibility
- Check dependency versions
- Review integration documentation
Getting Help
- Check official documentation
- Search GitHub issues
- Join community channels
- Review logs and metrics
Content generated automatically. Verify against official documentation before production use.
Examples
Basic Configuration
# Basic configuration example
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: {{project_name}}-config
namespace: default
data:
# Configuration goes here
config.yaml: |
# Base configuration
# Add your settings here
Kubernetes Deployment
# Kubernetes deployment for {{project_name}}
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: {{project_name}}
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: {{project_name}}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: {{project_name}}
spec:
containers:
- name: {{project_name}}
image: {{project_name}}:latest
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
resources:
limits:
memory: "128Mi"
cpu: "500m"
Kubernetes Service
# Kubernetes service for {{project_name}}
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: {{project_name}}
namespace: default
spec:
selector:
app: {{project_name}}
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
targetPort: 8080
type: ClusterIP
When to Use
Use this skill when:
- Integrating a CNCF project into Kubernetes infrastructure — You need to configure, deploy, or troubleshoot a cloud-native tool within a cluster
- Designing cloud-native architecture — You are selecting and integrating CNCF tools to solve specific infrastructure challenges
- Resolving operational issues — A CNCF component is misbehaving, underperforming, or needs configuration changes
Core Workflow
-
Assess Requirements — Understand the use case, scale, integration needs, and existing infrastructure. Checkpoint: Document requirements, constraints, and success criteria.
-
Design Architecture — Plan component interactions, data flow, and deployment strategy using cloud-native best practices. Checkpoint: Verify the architecture addresses all requirements and follows CNCF conventions.
-
Implement & Configure — Create manifests, configurations, and deployment scripts. Include resource limits, health checks, and observability hooks. Checkpoint: Validate all YAML against schema and test in a staging environment.
-
Deploy & Monitor — Apply manifests to the cluster, verify component health, and confirm observability is working. Checkpoint: Confirm all pods/services are running, probes passing, and metrics/alerts configured.
Constraints
MUST DO
- Include at least one complete working YAML manifest example
- Note when content is auto-generated vs. manually verified
- Reference relevant CNCF project documentation
MUST NOT DO
- Deploy manifests without testing in a staging environment first
- Use deprecated API versions (e.g., apps/v1beta1)
- Omit resource limits and requests in Kubernetes manifests